Biological, Functional and Physico-chemical Characterization of Chitosan Extracted from Blue Crab (Portunus segnis) Shell Waste by Chemical Method
Keywords:
Blue crab, chitosan, characterization, physico-chemical properties, functional properties, biological activitiesAbstract
The aim of this work was to extract a bioactive material « chitosan » from the by-products of blue crab (P. segnis) by chemical extraction method. The physico-chemical, functional and biological properties of the chitosan obtained were evaluated. The yield of the extracted chitosan was calculated as 9.2 ± 2.03%. The proximate analysis showed 2 ± 0.03% moisture, 0.57 ± 0.02% ash, 0.3 ± 0.01% lipid and 0,2 ± 0,03% protein contents in chitosan. Degree of deacetylation (DD) value was calculated using potentiometric titration (78.97 ± 0.38%) and FTIR (81,47 ± 0.51%) resulting in a high DD. Whiteness value, water and fat binding capacities of the chitosan were high and are suitable for many functional food applications. Structural characterization was performed using FTIR spectroscopy which confirms the presence of amino group of chitosan synthesized. Antioxidant activity assay showed that chitosan exhibited notable antioxidant activity against DPPH (20.13 ± 1.41% to 70.63 ± 1.26%), but lower than that of ascorbic acid (49.17 ± 1.13% to 87.46 ± 1.22%) at the same concentrations (0,5 to 10 mg/mL), in a dose dependent manner. Its required IC50 to inhibit 50% of radical DPPH was 1.86 ± 0.31 mg/mL. Extracted chitosan showed a significant antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. In conclusion, the extracted chitosan is an effective natural biopolymer possessing potential properties.
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