Hydrogeological Characteristics and Groundwater Quality Analysis for Selected Boreholes in Ogbaru Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Keywords:
hydrogeological, lithologic layer, physiochemical, microbiological, permissible limitsAbstract
The extent and distribution hydrogeological and groundwater resources in parts of Anambra State, Nigeria was investigated. The hydrogeophysical and hydrochemical analysis of the shallow wells around Ogbaru in Anambra state was carried out to delineate the geologic layer constituting the aquifer, its suitability or otherwise as source of potable / drinking water and the tendency of the overburden to naturally protect the aquifer. The results show that the study area is majorly underlain by the Alluvial Plain Sands formation. Four different lithologic layers exist in the formation; laterite sandstone, clayey sand, sandstone and saturated sandstone, with varying water storage and yielding capacities. Boreholes depths within the Alluvial Plain Sands are shallow (10-50m) yet the sands are excellent aquifers with high yields (53.8-136.6m3/d) especially along the Ogbaru L.G.A. axis. The result of the analysis showed that most of the physio-chemical and microbiological parameters are within the Nigeria standard for drinking water quality (NSDWQ) permissible limits.
References
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[2] M.F. Ahmed , M.M. Rahman. Water supply & sanitation. International Training Network (ITN), Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Bangladesh. 2000.
[3] A.O. Akankpo , M.U. Igboekwe , “Monitoring groundwater contamination using surface electrical resistivity and geochemical methods.” J. Water Resour. Prot., 3(5), 318-324, 2011.
[4] E.U. Akpokodje , J.O. Etu-Efetobor .” The occurrence and economic potential of crude deposits of the Niger Delta”. J. Afr. Earth Sci., 6(1), 61-65,1987.
[5] APHA. “ American Public Health Association.” Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater”, 18th Ed., Washington, D.C., 1992.
[6] C.C. Asonye , N.P. Okolie , E.E. Okenwa , U.G. Iwuanyawu .” Some physio-chemical characteristics and heavy metal profiles of Nigerian rivers, streams and wetlands”, Afr. J. Biotechnol., 6(5), 617-624, 2000.
[7] E .Atakpo .” Delineation of underlying aquifer formation in the oil producing community of Uzere Isoko South local government area Delta State”. Nigerian. J. Sci. Environ., 8, 121-131, 2009.
[8] B.S. Badmus, A.A. Odewande, E.A. Ojelabi, T. Oyedele. “ Leachate contamination effect on groundwater exploration”. Afr. J. Environ. Stud., 2(1) ,38-41, 2001.
[9] P.N. Ballukayara, R.Ravi. ” Characterization of groundwater in the unconfined aquifers of Chennai city”. Journal of Geological Society of India, 54, 1-11, 1999.
[10] J.A. Baswinkel . Information Note. International groundwater resources assessment center (IGRAC). Netherlands: Netherlands Institute of Applied Geosciences, 2000.
[11] J.C.Chen , C.Y. Lin.” Responses of oxygen consumption, Ammonia-N excretion and Urea- N excretion of penaeus chinensis exposed toambient Ammonia, at different salinity and pH levels”. Aquaculture, 136, 1995, 243-255.
[12] E.E. Ezenwaji, M.U. Orji , C.I. Enete , V.I. Otti . “ The effect of climatic change on the communities of Ogbaru wetland of south west Anambra State, Nigeria”. IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSEJEN), 4(3), 61-67, 2014.
[13] M.O. Fawole , B.A. Oso. Laboratory Manual of Microbiology. Ibadan, Nigeria: Spectrum Books, 2001, pp. 15-45.
[14] W.K . Humblin. The Earth’s Dynamic Systems. United States of America: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1989, pp. 246.
[15] M.U. Igboekwe , A.O. Akankpo. ”Application of Geographic Information System (GIS) in mapping groundwater quality in Uyo, Nigeria”. Int. J. Geosci., 2, 394-397, 2011.
[16] N.C. Mondal , V.P. Singh, S. Ahmed .” Delineating shallow saline groundwater zones from southern India using geophysical indicators” Environ. Monit. Assess., 185, 4869-4886, DOI 10.1007/s10661-012-2909-1., 2013.
[17] A. Murugesan, A. Ramu, N. Kannan. “Water quality assessment for Uttamapalayan municipality in Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India”. Pollution Research, 25(1), 163-166, 2006.
[18] S. Nasrin, S.K. Saha , M.M.S. Rahman . Assessment of water supply quality of Khulna City Corporation. Khulna, Bangladesh: Khulna University Studies, 6(1-2), 2005, 245-252.
[19] B.N. Nfor , S.B. Olabaniyi, J.E. Ogala. Extent and distribution of groundwater resources in parts of Anambra State. Southeastern Nigeria: 11(2), 2007, 215-221.
[20] NSDWQ .” Nigerian standard for drinking water quality.” Standard Organization of Nigeria. Wuse, Abuja., 2007.
[21] E. Ojelabi, O.O. Fasunwon, B.S. Badmus , D.R. Onabajo , O.O. Okubanjo.” Geophysical and chemical analysis of groundwater samples in Ago-Iwoye area,Southwest Nigeria.” Afr. J. Environ. Stud., 2(1),77-80, 2001.
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[26] P.J. Sajil-Kumar, L. Elango , E.J. James. “Assessment of hydrochemistry and groundwater quality in the coastal area of South Chennai, India.” Arab J. Geo. DOI 0.1007/s12517-013-0940-3, 2013.
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[28] WHO. “Guidelines for drinking-water quality”. World Health Organization Geneva Vol.1: 4 ed. ISBN 978924 1548151, 2011.
[29] Y.F. Zhou, R.J Haynes. “Removal of Pb(II), Cr(III) and Cr(VI) from Aqueous solutions using Alum-Derived water treatment sludge”. J. Water Air Soil Poll., 215, 631–643, 2011.
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2015-10-20
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ekenta, obi, B.U, O., & A. C. C., E. (2015). Hydrogeological Characteristics and Groundwater Quality Analysis for Selected Boreholes in Ogbaru Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences, 14(2), 198–210. Retrieved from https://www.asrjetsjournal.org/index.php/American_Scientific_Journal/article/view/986
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