Analytical Review of Pragmatism Theory Impact on Agricultural Vocational and Technical Training

Abstract

In pragmatism training approach, ideas are considered as tools to solve problems and they are correct and real until their effects are desirable and useful, otherwise they are incorrect. Looking ahead, permanent changes, plurality of world, purposeful universe, the human relationship with nature and the human place in world  improvement are features of pragmatists . Due to pragmatism approach some education experts and scholars concluded to design a system to consider the specialized sciences and also  provide the required techniques to the interested individuals to do works . Due to the features of pragmatism, training Needs Assessment process, the subject- oriented against the job-oriented educational content , prevent the over training or low training , program planning process are among the differences of academic classic education and applied-scientific education . Applied Science curriculum design approach is based on profession and jobs but there is an issue centered approach in university system . Taking advantage of the knowledge and presenting it as applied includes another feature of scientific applied system . Other feature is different in target population or audiences . Unlike the classic system of higher education that responds solely to the social demand , the applied science system meets the need of market and manufacturing sector. Using feedback in review and revise of curriculum has done so that the executors, planners and authorities of scientific- allied system can resolve the failures of curriculum. Entrepreneurship is considered as another feature of applied science education. A special level is provided for each grade of applied education. Associate degree is described as a certain job level between diploma and bachelor grades. The scientific- applied expert is a person who learned the agriculture professional knowledge and skills based on job needs to perform agricultural- industrial , managerial and agricultural services planes . In recent years the tendency of Applied Science system has started the Master's level training with project-based approach (as applicable).

Practitioners and agricultural beneficiaries are required to up to date their job skills during short term modular courses. These courses are provided in the practical form in farms, workshops, laboratories , the production pilots and agricultural services so that provide the necessary capabilities for agricultural practitioners and beneficiaries in the shortest time .